Illegal Immigration: The Hidden Costs of an Economic System
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- Pew Research Center
U.S. unauthorized immigrant population reached a record 14 million in 2023
Workforce estimates by industry and occupation for 2023.
https://www.pewresearch.org/race-and-ethnicity/2025/08/21/u-s-unauthorized-immigrant-population-reached-a-record-14-million-in-2023/ - U.S. Department of Labor
Worker rights and wage protections
Federal workplace protections that apply regardless of immigration status.
https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd/workers - Associated General Contractors of America
Construction workforce shortages are a leading cause of project delays
The 2025 AGC/NCCER construction workforce survey and reported effects of immigration enforcement.
https://www.agc.org/news/2025/08/28/construction-workforce-shortages-are-leading-cause-project-delays-immigration-enforcement-affects - Médecins Sans Frontières
Forced to Flee: Central America’s Northern Triangle
Survey findings concerning violence and sexual abuse experienced by migrants in transit through Mexico.
https://www.msf.org/sites/default/files/msf_forced-to-flee-central-americas-northern-triangle_e.pdf - Médecins Sans Frontières
Lack of action sees sharp rise in sexual violence against people transiting the Darién Gap
MSF’s February 2024 report on sexual violence along the Darién migration route.
https://www.msf.org/lack-action-sees-sharp-rise-sexual-violence-people-transiting-darien-gap-panama - UN Trade and Development
First-ever official data on illicit financial flows now available
Estimates of illicit financial flows associated with smuggling migrants into the United States.
https://unctad.org/news/first-ever-official-data-illicit-financial-flows-now-available - Perspectives on Politics
Criminal Governance in Latin America: Prevalence and Correlates
Cross-national estimates of communities in which criminal groups provide order or security.
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/perspectives-on-politics/article/criminal-governance-in-latin-america-prevalence-and-correlates/A9B2D491806C26DB0F42869B2D81AB19 - Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime
Criminality and multi-crime dynamics: Trends in Latin America
Research on diversified criminal activity and the penetration of public institutions.
https://globalinitiative.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Criminality-and-multi-crime-dynamics-Trends-in-Latin-America-GI-TOC-November-2025.pdf - World Bank
World Development Report 2023: Migrants, Refugees, and Societies
The potential effects of migration and human-capital loss on origin countries.
https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/wdr2023